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till
Paleobiologiprogrammet!
Inom det
paleobiologiska programmet forskar vi kring biosfärens
uppkomst och utveckling, dvs ofattbara 4.500.000.000 år av
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| Palaeobiology
Research
Spotlight |
Brachiopods
"leveled-up"
in
the
lower Cambrian
March 2012
Brachiopods
are usually thought to contribute little to the tiering complexity from
the Palaeozoic to the Recent, mainly due to the fact that their modern
representatives live primarily in lower tiers. In a recent issue of Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology,
Palaeoecology , H.
Wang, L.
Holmer and collegues describe the first
and oldest record of varied levels of secondary tiering in minute
brachiopods attached around the branched fronds of the algae-like Malongitubus kuangshanensis.
The new material is part of the famous Chengjiang fauna (Cambrian
Series 2, Stage 3) of the Heilinpu Formation, southern China. The
brachiopods can be assigned to the acrotretoid brachiopods and are
described as the new genus and species Kuangshanotreta malungensis.
This is the first report on the occurrence of acrotretoid brachiopods
in the lower Cambrian muddy deposits from southern China. The
acrotretoid/algae association represents both, the first and oldest
evidence into the enigmatic paleoecology of the diverse acrotretoid
linguliformean stock that comprises an important component of the
Cambrian evolutionary fauna, and sheds light on medium-high levels of
secondary tiering Cambrian soft substrate suspension-feeding
communities.
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Fossils
from the cold - Palaeobiology expedition to
Antarctica October 2011
The Swedish
Polar Research Secretariat , in collaboration with the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), is
conducting a one month expedition to Antarctica. Goal of the expedition
is to find well preserved Cambrian fossils in order to improve our
understanding of the early diversification of life during the very
beginning of the Phanerozoic. The expedition is led by Uppsala
scientist Lars
Holmer and scheduled for October 26 to November 30, 2011. All
participants will be based at the U.S.
McMurdo station from where they will be flown to the
premises in Churchill Mountains where a tent camp will be set up.
Further information can be obtained from the Swedish Polar Research
Secretariat. [in
English / på
svenska ]
Video footage from the ongoing
expedition: [flight
to Antarctica ] [camp at
Mt Erebus ] [nn]
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Aragonite
preservation
in
Ordovician–Silurian
brachiopods
September 2011
In
this month's issue of Geology , former programme scientist U.
Balthasar and
his collegues (including L.E.
Holmer) describe the implications of the discovery of well
preserved trimerellid brachiopods from Gotland, Canada and Kazakhstan. The discovery of common occurrence of
relic aragonite in their shells extends the known range of aragonite
preservation by more than 130 million years. Together with associated
hypercalcifying taxa of putatively original aragonite or high-magnesium
calcite composition and considerations of the temperature dependence of
aragonite and calcite precipitation, suggest that the evolution of
aragonite biomineralization might have presented an adaptive advantage
in shallow marine tropical waters of calcite seas. [see also official
press release (Swedish only) at Uppsala University's homepage] |
Battle scars on an
ancient sea monster
May
2011
Healed bite
wounds on the fossilised jaw of an ichthyosaur from Australia provides rare evidence of an aggressive encounter
that took place 120 million
years ago. At this time the Australian continent was close to the
southern polar circle and covered by a freezing inland sea. Positioning
of the tooth marks indicate an attack from below but their size and
spacing do not match any potential predators or prey. Rather, they are
most consistent with another adult ichthyosaur, suggesting that the
injuries were sustained during combat over food, mates or territory.
Facial biting is a common social interaction in animals today and is
often directed towards restraining the opponents jaws. The report,
co-authored by Benjamin
Kear (Palaeobiology
Programme),
will appear next month in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (available in advance
online ).
[see also official press release (English
version) and online articles by National
Geographic and ScienceNews ]
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Dinosaurs Down Under
February 2011
A
new book, Dinosaurs in Australia, senior authored
by Uppsala University (Palaeobiology Programme) scientist Benjamin
Kear will be
released by CSIRO Publishing in April 2011. Dinosaurs in
Australia features a technical overview of Australian
Mesozoic biotas with a special emphasis on the vertebrate record,
including
their biogeographical context based on invertebrates, and prevailing
terrestrial vegetation. The geological settings for key fossil
localities are
also discussed. Dinosaurs in Australia is fully illustrated in
colour
with original artworks and reconstructions of key animals. It has a
foreword by
one of Australia's leading palaeontologists and environmentalists, Tim
Flannery.
For additional information and table of content see the CSIRO
Publishing homepage.
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